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Copyright 1997-2006 Omniture, Inc. More info available at http://www.omniture.com */ /* Specify the Report Suite ID(s) to track here */ var s_account="usatodayprod,gntbcstglobal" var s_ut=s_gi(s_account) /************************** CONFIG SECTION **************************/ s_ut.trackDownloadLinks=true s_ut.linkDownloadFileTypes="exe,zip,wav,mp3,mov,mpg,avi,wmv,doc,pdf,xls" s_ut.trackExternalLinks=true s_ut.linkInternalFilters="javascript:,usatoday.com,cars,job,career,careerbuilder,salary,pgpartner,apartments,homescape,homefinder,homegain,forsalebyowner,quickenloans,vanlines,servicemagic,medicinenet,mixx,digg,del.icio.us,newsvine,reddit,facebook" s_ut.trackInlineStats=true s_ut.linkLeaveQueryString=false s_ut.linkTrackVars='prop1'; s_ut.linkTrackEvents="None" /* WARNING: Changing the visitor namespace will cause drastic changes to how your visitor data is collected. 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s_ut.formList="feedbackForm,newsubForm" s_ut.trackFormList=true s_ut.trackPageName=true s_ut.useCommerce=true s_ut.varUsed="eVar6" s_ut.eventList="event14,event15,event16" //Abandon,Success,Error /* Plugin Config */ s_ut.usePlugins=true function s_ut_doPlugins(s_ut) { /* Add calls to plugins here */ var t = new Date();cct=t.getTime(); var month = t.getMonth();var day = t.getDate();var year = t.getFullYear(); var mon=['Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun','Jul','Aug','Sep','Oct','Nov','Dec']; var thism=mon[month]; var currentDate = (thism + year);String(currentDate); s_ut.events=s_ut.appendList(s_ut.events,"event3",",",1) var temp1=s_ut.getQueryParam('loc'); if(temp1){ s_ut.campaign='loc:'+temp1;s_ut.prop4='loc:'+temp1;s_ut.eVar25='loc:'+temp1 + ':' + currentDate}; var temp2=s_ut.getQueryParam('campaign'); if(temp2){s_ut.campaign='campaign:'+temp2;s_ut.prop4='campaign:'+temp2;s_ut.eVar25='campaign:'+temp2 + '-' + currentDate}; if(!s_ut.eVar11)s_ut.eVar11=s_ut.getQueryParam('poe'); 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Black holes key to spiral arm bear hugs
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By Jeanna Bryner, SPACE.com
ST. LOUIS — As if in a cosmic hug, the spiral arms of some galaxies wrap around themselves more tightly than others. The key to the bear hug: Galaxies holding heftier black holes at their centers also have more tightly wound spiral arms, an astronomer announced today.

The finding gives astronomers a way to weigh so-called supermassive black holes, which can have masses of millions to billions that of the sun, and are thought to reside at the centers of galaxies.

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"This is a really easy way to determine the masses of these super-massive black holes at the centers of galaxies that are very far away," said researcher Marc Seigar, an astrophysicist at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. "This gives us a way to measure the size of these black holes out to larger distances than ever before, up to 8 billion light-years away."

He announced the results here at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society (AAS).

Dark behemoths

A black hole is the evolutionary endpoint of a star packing at least 10 to 15 times the mass of the sun. Once the fat star has burned out, there are no outward forces to oppose gravity, causing the star to collapse in on itself. The stellar remnant eventually collapses to a point of zero volume and infinite density (called a singularity), and nothing, not even light, can escape its clutches.

Astronomers can't plop hefty black holes onto a cosmic scale; they can't even see them. Instead, they detect them indirectly and measure a black hole's mass by observing the orbital speed of nearby stars affected by its tremendous gravity. But this method is limited by the power of current telescopes.

"Even with the Hubble Space Telescope, to be able to resolve the stars at the center of the galaxy, you can only really look at the nearest 40 or so galaxies," Seigar said. "That's just maybe 20 million light-years away, something like that."

Tight hugs

The results come from a study of 27 spiral galaxies, including the Milky Way and our nearest neighbor the Andromeda Galaxy. Galaxies with the smallest black holes at their centers also showed the loosest "hugs," with angles of up to 43 degrees between the arms and the central bulge.

The tightest embraces came from galaxies boarding with the biggest black holes, such as the Andromeda Galaxy (its central black hole weighs about 180 million solar masses), which had just 7 degrees between the spiral arms and the central bulges.

Seigar and his colleagues are not sure why spiral arms wrap more tightly around heftier supermassive black holes and more loosely for the lightweight supermassive black holes.

But they think dark matter, mysterious matter thought to have played a critical role in the formation of the first galaxies after the Big Bang, could be the driving force.

"We think, although this is very speculative, the more concentrated the dark matter, the larger a black hole you get," Seigar told SPACE.com. "And also the more concentrated the dark matter the tighter the spiral arms. So we think it's the dark matter that's driving everything."

(Of the total matter in the universe, dark matter makes up 85 to 90%, and visible matter (normal matter, baryonic matter) makes up the rest — about 10 to 15%. Of the total mass in the universe, about 74% is dark energy, 22% is dark matter and 4% or so is normal matter.)

The dark-matter connection makes sense, he said: "The more dark matter you have, the more matter you have, so the more stuff that's there to create first of all a bulge, and the more mass there is to create a bigger black hole."

Seigar's future research will aim to show whether dark matter is the driving force.

Copyright 2007, SPACE.com Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
 
 
 
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expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT; path=/;" }else{document.cookie="ace3=1; path=/;" if (document.cookie.indexOf('ace3')>=0){ACE3Ck=1 document.cookie = "ace3=1; expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT; path=/;"}} if (ACE3Ck>0&&ACE3NS)ACE3Ck=3} function ACE3CkPlg(){ var e='') d('Dim adsVB,po') d('adsVB=0') d('If ScriptEngineMajorVersion >=2 then adsVB=1') d('Function adsAX(aX)') d('on error resume next') d('If adsVB=1 then') d('adsAX=False') d('set po=CreateObject(aX)') d('adsAX=IsObject(po)') d('If (err) then adsAX=False') d('Else') d('adsAX=False') d('End If') d('End Function') d(e+'script>')} var i,u=0,dF='',fS,p=n.plugins if (ie&&window.adsVB){u=0}else{u=1} if (p){var l=p.length if (l>1){var m=n.mimeTypes,fl=m['application/x-shockwave-flash'] if (m&&((fl&&fl.enabledPlugin&&(fl.suffixes.indexOf('swf')!=-1)))){ var ds,f="Flash ",nm if (ACE3NS){ for (var i=0;i=6){dF='F' ACE3FVer=ds.substring(fS+6,fS+7)}}}} if (fl==null)dF='' }}else if(ie==1&&!u){if (!ie5||ua.indexOf('NT')!=-1){fS="ShockwaveFlash.ShockwaveFlash." dF=(adsAX(fS+"9")?'F':'') if (dF)ACE3FVer='9' if (!dF){dF=(adsAX(fS+"8")?'F':'') if (dF)ACE3FVer='8'} if (!dF){dF=(adsAX(fS+"7")?'F':'') if (dF)ACE3FVer='7'} if (!dF){dF=(adsAX(fS+"6")?'F':'') if (dF)ACE3FVer='6'}}}else{dF=''} }else{dF=''} if (go){if (n.platform=='Win32'){ if (ie5&&(db!=null)){db.style.behavior=beh var fC='{D27CDB6E-AE6D-11CF-96B8-444553540000}',fV=db.getComponentVersion(fC,cid) if (fV.charAt(0)>=6){dF='F' ACE3FVer=fV.charAt(0)}}}} if (dF=='F')ACE3FV=1} function ACE3_AdRequest(ob){ var obj=new Object() for (var p in ob){ var lcn=p.toLowerCase() if (lcn!='class')obj[lcn]=ob[p] else obj['Class']=ob[p] } var nmVal={ media: 'mnum', leadback: 'betr', context: 'ctxt', ip: 'dmip', mid: 'xsmemid', z: 'zpcd', mn: 'mn', zid: 'zid' } var ur='',ifV=0,dr,dr1,ht='',ct,dw try { ur+=escape(top.location.href) if (top.location.href!=location.href)ifV=1 } catch (e){ur+=escape(document.referrer);ifV=2} if (window.ACE_DREF)dr1=window.ACE_DREF else dr1=ur dr='/dref='+escape(dr1.replace(/\//g,'%2F')) if (obj.site)site=obj.site else site='100' if (window.ACE_KeyParms){window.ACE_KeyParm=ACE_KeyParms[site]} if (window.ACE_KeyParm){ for (var i=0;i=4)&&!op&&!(ACE3NS&&ACE3AV==4)){old=0} for (var n in nmVal){ if (obj[n]&&(typeof(obj[n])!='function')){ if (nmVal[n]=="mn")ot+="/xsxdata=1:"+obj[n] else ot+="/"+nmVal[n]+"="+obj[n] } } if (obj.ud){ var zip=obj.ud.split('&'),zipV for (var i=0;i-1){ht=window.ACE_SHOST;gl=1} if (site=='712441'){ht='http://ags.beta'+adv;gl=1;obj.calltype="IFRAME"} var pt=obj.poptype,pu=obj.poponunload if (gl!=1){ if (pt||pu){ht='http://servedby'+adv;gl=1} if (se>-1){ if (obj.Class==0)ht="https://secure.ace0"+adv else ht="https://servedby"+adv gl=1 } if (obj.host){var v=obj.host;ht=(v.indexOf('http')==-1?"http://"+v:v);gl=1} } if (gl!=1){ if (obj.Class==0){ ht="http://cs.ace"+adv ot+="/agv=1" gl=1 } else if (obj.Class==2){ ht="http://cte.ace.beta"+adv ot+="/cte=1" gl=1 } else if (obj.Class==3){ ht="http://cte.ace"+adv ot+="/cte=1" gl=1 } } if (gl!=1){ var rand=Math.floor(Math.random()*100)+1 if (window.ACE3NewHost&&ACE3NewHost[site]!=null){ if (rand <= ACE3NewHost[site]){ if (window.ACE3Host1Var)parm='/'+ACE3Host1Var ht=ACE3Host1 } else{ if (window.ACE3Host2Var)parm='/'+ACE3Host2Var ht=ACE3Host2 } } else if (window.ACE3GlobalHost){ if (rand <= ACE3GlobalHostPercent){ if (window.ACE3GlobalHost1Var)parm='/'+ACE3GlobalHost1Var ht=ACE3GlobalHost } else { ht="http://servedby"+adv } } else { if (obj.region==2)ht="http://servedby2"+adv else if (obj.region==3)ht="http://servedby3"+adv else ht="http://servedby"+adv } } if (obj.bnum)bnum=obj.bnum else bnum=new Number(Math.floor(99999999*Math.random())+1) if (!obj.calltype)ct='J' else ct=obj.calltype.toString().toUpperCase() if (obj.region=='3'&&ifV==0&&!obj.calltype&&ACE3IE)ct='IF' if (ct=='IFRAME'||ct=='IF')ifV=2 if (obj.size)var sz=obj.size,str=sz.toString(),w=str.substr(0,3),h=str.substr(3,6) else if (obj.width&&obj.height){var w=obj.width.toString(),h=obj.height.toString(),sz if (w.length==2)w="0"+w if (h.length==2)h="0"+h if (w.length==1)w="00"+w if (h.length==1)h="00"+h sz=w+h} else {var sz="468060",w=468,h=60 obj.media='316574'} if (!obj.media)szs='/size='+sz if (obj.adtype){var at=obj.adtype.toString().toUpperCase() if ((at=="I")||(obj.at=="IMAGE")){ot+="/rich=0"}} var hl=history.length if (hl>50)hl=50 var sr='',sr1='' if (screen.width){sr='/scres=' var sw=screen.width,sh=screen.height if ((sw==640)&&(sh==480))sr+='2' else if ((sw==800)&&(sh==600))sr+='3' else if ((sw=='1024')&&(sh=='768'))sr+='4' else if ((sw>1024)&&(sh>768))sr+='5' else sr+='1' sr1='/swh='+screen.width+"x"+screen.height} else sr='/scres=1' var pNo='1',pf=obj.popfreq if (pf){var i=pf.indexOf(','),n=pf.substring(1,i-1),hr=pf.substring(i+1,pf.length) var cn="AdComPop"+obj.site,ck=ACE3getCk(cn) if (hr==0){if (!ck||ck=='')ck=0 if (ck-1))&&(s.indexOf('rich=0')==-1))s+="/rich=0" if (ct!='IFRAME'&&ct!='IF')dw="" else dw=""} else {var s1=s+"/bins=1" if (s.indexOf('rich=0')==-1)s1+="/rich=0" dw=""+alt+""} if (pNo){if (obj.popdelay)var t=setTimeout("document.write(dw)",obj.popdelay*1000) else document.write(dw)} window.ACE_KeyParm='' window.ACE_KeyParms='' window.ACE_FreqSiteMap='' ACE_AR=''} function ACE3setCk(nm,v,dt){document.cookie=nm+"="+escape(v)+((dt==null)?"":"; expires="+dt)+"; path=/;"} function ACE3getCk(nm){ var b=document.cookie.indexOf(nm+"=") if (b!=-1){var l=b+nm.length+1,e=document.cookie.indexOf(";",l) if (e==-1)e=document.cookie.length return unescape(document.cookie.substring(l,e))} else return ""} if (window.ACE_AR)ACE3_AdRequest(ACE_AR) _,http://uac.advertising.com/wrapper/aceUAC.js opq"O9bplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse )/078?FMZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEGHIJKL ]Cache-ControlZSet-Cookie^Content-LengthVPragma\Content-TypeSP3p_private, max-age=0_48823311=_48b45b2f,0361176008,755688^598952^1^0,1_; domain=.advertising.com; path=/click, F1=B8yW0iEBAAAABAAAAEAAgEA; domain=.advertising.com; path=/; expires=Sunday, 25-Aug-2013 19:36:15 GMTS217Xno-cache_ACP="NOI DSP COR LAW CURa DEVa TAIa PSAa PSDa OUR BUS UNI COM NAV"12Z[[\6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12^__6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12abbc6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd~  (*,.&(*,3>FMOQSUWY`bdfhjln| &+/CdQOvar ADSERVER_POPS_VAL=0; document.write(' _%-->_>http://optimized-by.rubiconproject.com/a/4462/5032/7102-2.html "Osbplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse% )/078<\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrs7tuy|U$null  !"#$%&'(R$6S$10R$2S$13R$7R$3S$11R$8R$4S$14R$9R$0V$classR$5S$12R$1#A$Ӽ#A$ӻ$#A) *+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_7http://i.usatoday.net/_common/_scripts/_oas/mjx-base.js1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObject_application/x-javascript9:;#=>?M[ZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGHIJKL !NOPQRSTUVWXYZ "VServerTVary]Last-Modified]Accept-Ranges_Content-Encoding]Cache-ControlTDate^Content-LengthZConnection\X-Powered-ByTEtag\Content-TypeSP3p_Microsoft-IIS/6.0_Accept-Encoding_Fri, 22 Feb 2008 20:49:20 GMTUbytesTgzip[max-age=600_Tue, 26 Aug 2008 19:35:05 GMTS596Zkeep-aliveWASP.NET_"4cc625669475c81:212e"__CP="CAO CUR ADM DEVa TAIi PSAa PSDa CONi OUR OTRi IND PHY ONL UNI COM NAV DEM", POLICYREF="URI"12vwwx6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12z{{6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12}~~6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd#+79;=w|  "$&(*,.02468:<>EJXfy&FJU]v  (-1ESO//configuration OAS_url = 'http://ad.usatoday.com/RealMedia/ads/'; usatHostname = window.location.hostname; if ((usatHostname == 'usatoday.com') || (usatHostname == 'asp.usatoday.com') || (usatHostname == 'content.usatoday.com')){ usatHostname = 'www.usatoday.com'; } OAS_sitepage = usatHostname + window.location.pathname; OAS_query = ''; OAS_target = '_top'; //end of configuration OAS_version = 10; OAS_rn = '001234567890'; OAS_rns = '1234567890'; OAS_rn = new String (Math.random()); OAS_rns = OAS_rn.substring (2, 11); function OAS_NORMAL(pos) { document.write(''); document.write(''); } OAS_version = 11; if ( (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/3') != -1 ) || (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/4.0 WebTV') != -1) ) { OAS_version = 10; } if (OAS_version >= 11){ oas_script = '<\/SCRIPT>' document.write(oas_script); } document.write(''); function OAS_AD(pos) { if (OAS_version >= 11) OAS_RICH(pos); else OAS_NORMAL(pos); } _7http://i.usatoday.net/_common/_scripts/_oas/mjx-base.js "Obplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse )/078?ISZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGHJKLMNOPQR VServerZConnection]Cache-ControlTDate^Content-LengthVPragma\X-Powered-By\Content-TypeSP3p_Microsoft-IIS/5.0\close, closeXno-cache_Tue, 26 Aug 2008 19:36:15 GMTT4421WASP.NET_OCP="CAO CUR ADM DEVa TAIi PSAa PSDa CONi OUR OTRi IND PHY ONL UNI COM NAV D EM"12effg6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12ijj6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12lmmn6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd #/135  "*468:<>@BDFPRTVXZ\^`bdkv fkooOEfunction OAS_RICH(position) { if (position == 'Top728x90') { document.write ('\n'); document.write (''); } } _}http://ad.usatoday.com/RealMedia/ads/adstream_mjx.cgi/www.usatoday.com/sponsors/remnant/leaderboard.htm/1381402571@Top728x90? "Ojbplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse% )/078<\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrs7tuy|U$null  !"#$%&'(R$6S$10R$2S$13R$7R$3S$11R$8R$4S$14R$9R$0V$classR$5S$12R$1#A$KsK@#A$;$#A)}m*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_.http://i.usatoday.net/_common/_scripts/usat.js1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObject_application/x-javascript9:;#=>?M[ZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGHIJKL !NOPQRSTUVWXYZ "VServerTVary]Last-Modified]Accept-Ranges_Content-Encoding]Cache-ControlTDate^Content-LengthZConnection\X-Powered-ByTEtag\Content-TypeSP3p_Microsoft-IIS/6.0_Accept-Encoding_Tue, 03 Jun 2008 17:02:19 GMTUbytesTgzip[max-age=600_Tue, 26 Aug 2008 19:35:03 GMTT4751Zkeep-aliveWASP.NET_"4d89a959bc5c81:21bf"__CP="CAO CUR ADM DEVa TAIi PSAa PSDa CONi OUR OTRi IND PHY ONL UNI COM NAV DEM", POLICYREF="URI"12vwwx6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12z{{6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12}~~6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd#+79;=ns|  !#%')+-/135<AO]p~ =BMUm$(<JO@var usat=new clsUsat(); usat.init(); function clsUsat(){ this.util=new clsUtil(); this.page=new clsPage(); this.cookie=new clsCookie(); this.init=fxInit; function fxInit(){ this.util.init(); this.page.init();} function clsUtil(){ this.init=fxInit; this.openBareWindow=fxOpenBareWindow; this.isEmpty=fxIsEmpty; function fxInit(){ String.prototype.trim=fxTrim;} function fxTrim(strInput){ var strResult=null; if(strInput==null) strInput=this; if(strInput){ strResult=new String(strInput); strResult=strResult.replace(/^\s+/,""); strResult=strResult.replace(/\s+$/,"");} return(strResult);} function fxOpenBareWindow(url,title,width,height){ window.open(url,title,"scrollbars=no,menubar=no,toolbar=no,status=no,top=0,left=0,screenx=0,screeny=0,width="+width+",height="+height+",resizable=no");} function fxIsEmpty(x){ blnIsEmpty=false; if((x==null)||(new String(x)=="undefined")||(x=="")){ blnIsEmpty=true;} return(blnIsEmpty);}} function clsPage(){ this.onLoadList=new Array(); this.jumpSelect=fxJumpSelect; this.onLoad=fxOnLoad; this.addLoadEvent=fxAddLoadEvent; this.init=fxInit; this.onResize=fxOnResize; this.writeObject=fxWriteObject; this.writeString=fxWriteString; this.insertTags=fxInsertTags; function fxInit(){ fxOnResize(true);} function fxOnResize(init){ if(init==true)with(navigator){ if((appName=="Netscape")&&(parseInt(appVersion)==4)){ document.MM_pgW=innerWidth; document.MM_pgH=innerHeight; onresize=fxOnResize;}} else if(innerWidth!=document.MM_pgW||innerHeight!=document.MM_pgH){ location.reload();}} function fxJumpSelect(objSelect){ var strLocation=objSelect.options[objSelect.selectedIndex].value; if(strLocation){ document.location=strLocation;} objSelect.selectedIndex=0;} function fxOnLoad(){ var fx; for(var i=0;i_version = 11;"); document.write("_version = 12;");} function MM_preloadImages(){ var d=document;if(d.images){if(!d.MM_p)d.MM_p=new Array(); var i,j=d.MM_p.length,a=MM_preloadImages.arguments;for(i=0;i0&&parent.frames.length){ d=parent.frames[n.substring(p+1)].document; n=n.substring(0,p);} if(!(x=d[n])&&d.all)x=d.all[n];for(i=0;!x&&i-1){ var endPos=cookieString.indexOf("&",startPos); if(endPos==-1)endPos=cookieString.length; newString=cookieString.substring(0,startPos)+paramName+"="+newParamValue+cookieString.substring(endPos,cookieString.length);} return newString;} function getCookieStringParamValue(string,paramName){ var startPos=string.indexOf(paramName+"="); var paramValue=""; if(startPos>-1){ startPos=startPos+paramName.length+1; var endPos=string.indexOf("&",startPos); if(endPos==-1)endPos=string.length; paramValue=string.substring(startPos,endPos);} return paramValue;} function writeOAC(cookieString){ var expireTime=new Date(); expireTime.setHours(23,59,59,999); usat.cookie.set("adCookie",cookieString,new Date(expireTime),"/",".usatoday.com");} function processOACValue(paramName,bornOnTime){ var timeSet=bornOnTime; var cookieValue=usat.cookie.get("adCookie"); var cookied=false; var paramValue=""; var allValues="popup1=&cokepopup=&sweeppopup=&sweepemailpopup=&sb_home=§ion_count=0§ion_intermediate=§ion_money=§ion_weather=§ion_life=§ion_tech=§ion_news=§ion_travel=§ion_sports="; var newCookieString=""; if(cookieValue!=null){ paramValue=getCookieStringParamValue(cookieValue,paramName);} var startPos=paramName.indexOf("section_"); if(startPos>-1){ if(cookieValue!=null){ var totalSectionCount=parseInt(getCookieStringParamValue(cookieValue,"section_count")); if((totalSectionCount<3)&&(paramValue=="")){ newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(cookieValue,paramName,"1"); writeOAC(newCookieString); totalSectionCount=totalSectionCount+1; newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(newCookieString,"section_count",totalSectionCount); writeOAC(newCookieString); cookied=true;}} else{ writeOAC(allValues); newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(allValues,paramName,"1"); writeOAC(newCookieString); newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(newCookieString,"section_count","1"); writeOAC(newCookieString); cookied=true;}} else if(paramName.indexOf("popup")>-1){ if(cookieValue!=null){ if(paramValue==""||paramValue==null){ newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(cookieValue,paramName,timeSet); writeOAC(newCookieString); cookied=true;}} else{ writeOAC(allValues); newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(allValues,paramName,timeSet); writeOAC(newCookieString); cookied=true;}} else{ if(cookieValue!=null){ if(paramValue==""||paramValue==null){ newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(cookieValue,paramName,"1"); writeOAC(newCookieString); cookied=true;}} else{ writeOAC(allValues); newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(allValues,paramName,"1"); writeOAC(newCookieString); cookied=true;}} return cookied;} function writeQQCookie(paramName){ var cookieValue=usat.cookie.get("qqCookie"); var paramValue=""; if(cookieValue!=null){ paramValue=getCookieStringParamValue(cookieValue,paramName);} if(cookieValue!=null){ if(paramValue==""||paramValue==null){ cookieValue=cookieValue+"&"+paramName+"="; newCookieString=setCookieParamValueForCookieString(cookieValue,paramName,"1"); usat.cookie.set("qqCookie",newCookieString,new Date("1/1/2010"),"/",".usatoday.com");}} else{ usat.cookie.set("qqCookie",paramName+"=1",new Date("1/1/2010"),"/",".usatoday.com");}} function readQQCookie(paramName){ var cookieValue=usat.cookie.get("qqCookie"); var cookied=true; var paramValue=""; if(cookieValue!=null){ paramValue=getCookieStringParamValue(cookieValue,paramName); if(paramValue==""||paramValue==null){ cookied=false;}} else{ cookied=false;} return cookied;} function usatAddAttribute(prefix,slotName,tagName){ var value; value=gTagAttrs[prefix+slotName]; if(null==value) value=gTagAttrs[slotName]; if(null !=value){ if(0==slotName.indexOf(prefix)&&(null==tagName)) tagName=slotName.substring(prefix.length); if(null==tagName) tagName=slotName; return tagName+'="'+value+'" ';} else return "";} function usatAddObjectAttr(slotName,tagName){ if(0==slotName.indexOf("emb#")) return ""; if(0==slotName.indexOf("obj#")&&(null==tagName)) tagName=slotName.substring(4); return usatAddAttribute("obj#",slotName,tagName);} function usatAddEmbedAttr(slotName,tagName){ if(0==slotName.indexOf("obj#")) return ""; if(0==slotName.indexOf("emb#")&&(null==tagName)) tagName=slotName.substring(4); return usatAddAttribute("emb#",slotName,tagName);} function usatAddObjectParam(slotName,generateXHTML){ var paramValue; var paramStr=""; var endTagChar=(generateXHTML)?' />':'>'; if(-1==slotName.indexOf("emb#")){ paramValue=gTagAttrs["obj#"+slotName]; if(null==paramValue) paramValue=gTagAttrs[slotName]; if(0==slotName.indexOf("obj#")) slotName=slotName.substring(4); if(null !=paramValue) paramStr=' ";} gTagAttrs=new Array(); gTagAttrs["src"]=args[0]; gTagAttrs["width"]=args[1]; gTagAttrs["height"]=args[2]; 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